Chapter 2 Libraries
R comes with a bit of functionality. However, most of the useful tools in R is distributed as packages. There are +10.000 package for R, so it is a jungle to figure out what the most easy solution to your problem at hand is. However, the teams who have made tidyverse and ggplot2 etc. have made a lot of things much more easy, and we strongly rely on their tools and routines in data analysis.
To install packages from CRAN (the main repo where R-packages are distributed)
To install packages from github (the online place where all the development and general code sharing is distributed)
To make packages available within your analysis use library(), or use the package name followed by :: and the function. The library function will activate the installed package.
library(ggplot2)
ggplot2::qplot(rnorm(100)) # example of a function call without library'ing the package.
Tidyverse is a large framework build to handle and manipulate data in a variety of different ways. An example of said manipulation is shown in chapter 1 under Edit using Tidyverse.
You can find even more information here tidyverse-homepage.